ABSTRACT
Radon is a radioactive gas and the second leading cause of death due to lung cancer after smoking. Ramsar is known for having the highest levels of natural background radiation on earth. In this research study, 50 stations of high radioactivity areas of Ramsar were selected in warm season of the year. Then gamma dose and radon exhalation rate were measured. Results showed that gamma dose and radon exhalation rate were in the range of 51-7100 nSv/hr and 9-15370 mBq/m2s, respectively. Compare to the worldwide average 16 mBq/m[2]s, estimated average annual effective of Radon exhalation rate in the study area is too high
ABSTRACT
The growing population and increasing needs to agricultural products increased use of pesticides resulting in contamination of the environment, including water. The purpose of this study was to determinationof pesticide residuesin agricultural water resources in Barzok city of Kashan in 2011. This study as a descriptive and cross-sectional study that was conducted at spring season. That totals of 135 samples of the agricultural water resources of Barzok were collectedrandomly and mixtures from different stations. After extraction and preparation of samples, the pesticide residueswere determined by using the HPTLC [High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography] devices and CATS4 software. Finally, obtained data were analyzed by using ANOVA statistical methods. The results of this study showed that maximum amount of diazinon and chlorpyrifos has been 22.43 and 11.79 ppm respectively, and thepesticide residueshave declined gradually overtime of [p<0.001].Furthermore, after a month 95.9% of Chlorpyrifos and 88.8% of diazinon is degraded. Accordingly, the remaining of diazinon and chlorpyrifos after a month of spraying was higher than determined limited standards. Because Chlorpyrifos is broken down rapidly more than diazinon, it is recommended that besides educating farmers on the proper use of pesticides, unnecessary contact with the water resources of this region must stop at least one month after spraying.
ABSTRACT
The current study was carried out in Kashan, central Iran, to find and interpret the factors which influence the mosquito and sand fly biting on human body. In this study five hundred residential houses were selected and checked out to determine the frequencies of mosquito and sand fly biting in the different regions of Kashan. Results of this study showed that 64.6% of the family residents, who took part in this study, were bitten by means of the insects [Culicidae and Phlebotominae insects] over one year. The Diptera insect biting [Culicidae and Phlebotominae] is a multi-factor activity. By knowing these factors we can make plan to reduce the insect population using different tools and methods which are discussed in this study